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February 19, 2025 – Italy –
Italy’s national journalists’ union (FNSI) initiated legal proceedings against the government, alleging the unlawful use of military-grade spyware, Graphite, developed by Israeli firm Paragon Solutions. The spyware reportedly targeted at least seven individuals, including investigative journalist Francesco Cancellato and migrant activist Luca Casarini, both known for their critical stances against the government’s policies.
The controversy began in January when Meta’s WhatsApp notified several EU users, including journalists and civil society members, that their devices had been compromised by spyware linked to Paragon. Subsequent investigations revealed that the spyware exploited vulnerabilities in WhatsApp’s group chat feature, allowing unauthorized access without user interaction.
The Italian government has denied any illegal surveillance activities, asserting that its use of spyware was lawful and aimed at national security threats. However, the government’s refusal to provide clear answers in parliament and its invocation of state secrecy have raised concerns about transparency and accountability.
In response to the allegations, Paragon Solutions terminated its contract with the Italian government, citing a breach of terms regarding the ethical use of its technology. Despite this, reports indicate that Italy’s intelligence services may still have access to the spyware, prompting further scrutiny.
The legal actions taken by journalists and activists underscore the growing concerns over digital surveillance and its implications for press freedom and civil liberties. As investigations continue, the case highlights the need for robust safeguards to protect individuals from unauthorized surveillance and to ensure government accountability in the digital age.
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